Human Reproduction Chapter-Wise Test 1

Correct answer Carries: 4.

Wrong Answer Carries: -1.

Which tissue covers the surface of the ovary?

Tunica albuginea
Germinal epithelium
Ovarian stroma
Medulla
2

The ovary is covered by the germinal epithelium, which is derived from mesothelium.

Which of the following best describes the blood-placental barrier?

It allows direct mixing of maternal and fetal blood
It is formed by the trophoblast layers, preventing direct blood mixing while allowing nutrient exchange
It is impermeable to all substances
It functions only during the first trimester
2

The blood-placental barrier, primarily formed by trophoblast layers, prevents direct mixing of maternal and fetal blood while permitting the exchange of nutrients, gases, and wastes.

Which hormone is known to maintain uterine quiescence during pregnancy?

Oxytocin
Progesterone
Prolactin
Estrogen
2

Progesterone maintains uterine quiescence (prevents contractions) throughout pregnancy until labor begins.

Which test is commonly used to assess ovarian reserve in women?

Serum follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) measurement
Hysterosalpingography (HSG)
Semen analysis
Thyroid function test
1

Serum FSH levels, particularly measured on day 3 of the menstrual cycle, are commonly used to assess ovarian reserve.

Which of the following conditions is characterized by the presence of endometrial tissue outside the uterine cavity?

Adenomyosis
Endometriosis
Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome (PCOS)
Uterine fibroids
2

Endometriosis is the condition in which endometrial tissue is found outside the uterus, often causing pelvic pain and infertility.

Which hormone plays a critical role in stimulating the maturation of ovarian follicles during the early menstrual cycle?

Luteinizing hormone (LH)
Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH)
Progesterone
Estrogen
2

FSH stimulates the growth and maturation of ovarian follicles during the early (follicular) phase of the menstrual cycle.

Which hormone is primarily responsible for the milk ejection (let-down) reflex in lactating females?

Prolactin
Oxytocin
Estrogen
Progesterone
2

Oxytocin is released from the posterior pituitary and triggers the contraction of myoepithelial cells, leading to milk ejection.

Which of the following describes cryptorchidism in male infants?

Undescended testis
Enlarged epididymis
Abnormal sperm morphology
Bilateral testicular torsion
1

Cryptorchidism refers to the condition where one or both testes fail to descend into the scrotum.

Which cell type in the testis secretes Anti-Müllerian Hormone (AMH) during male fetal development?

Sertoli cells
Leydig cells
Spermatogonia
Epididymal cells
1

Sertoli cells secrete Anti-Müllerian Hormone (AMH) during fetal development, leading to regression of Müllerian ducts in males.

Which hormone is primarily responsible for the development of secondary sexual characteristics in females?

Testosterone
Progesterone
Estrogen
Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH)
3

Estrogen is the key hormone responsible for the development of secondary sexual characteristics in females.

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